I verbi irregolari

Abbiamo già visto nel post precedente che il past simple si può formare grazie all'uso dei verbi regolari.
Ma ci sono alcuni verbi che sono irregolari. I verbi irregolari e regolari concorrono anche alla formazione del past participle (participio passato), ma mentre i verbi regolari mantengono la desinenza -ed, i verbi irregolari hanno forme proprie al simple past e al past participle. 

I verbi irregolari non hanno regole , godono di vita propria, perciò l'unica soluzione per saperli è impararli a memoria. Ecco un elenco dei verbi irregolari più utilizzati:

Infinito	passato	participio passato
to arise	arose	arisen	sorgere
to awake	awoke	awoken	svegliare, svegliarsi
to be	was/were	been	essere
to bear	bore	borne	portare, sopportare
to bear	bore	born	generare
to beat	beat	beaten	battere
to become	became	become	diventare
to begin	began	begun	incominciare
to bend	bent	bent	piegare, piegarsi
to bet	bet	bet	scommettere
to bind	bound	bound	legare, rilegare
to bite	bit	bitten	mordere
to bleed	bled	bled	sanguinare
to blow	blew	blown	soffiare
to break	broke	broken	rompere, rompersi
to breed	bred	bred	rompere, rompersi
to bring	brought	brought	portare
to broadcast	broadcast	broadcast	trasmettere (radio, tv)
to build	built	built	costruire
to burn	burnt	burnt	bruciare
to burst	burst	burst	scoppiare
to buy	bought	bought	comprare
to cast	cast	cast	gettare, fondere
to catch	caught	caught	prendere, acchiappare
to choose	chose	chosen	scegliere
to come	came	come	venire
to cost	cost	cost	costare
to creep	crept	crept	strisciare
to cut	cut	cut	tagliare
to deal	dealt	dealt	trattare
to dig	dug	dug	scavare
to do	did	done	fare
to draw	drew	drawn	disegnare, tirare
to dream	dreamt	dreamt	sognare
to drink	drank	drunk	bere
to drive	drove	driven	guidare (veicoli)
to dwell	dwelt	dwelt	abitare
to eat	ate	eaten	mangiare
to fall	fell	fallen	cadere
to feed	fed	fed	nutrire
to feel	felt	felt	sentire, sentirsi
to fight	fought	fought	combattere
to find	found	found	trovare
to flee	fled	fled	fuggire
to fling	flung	flung	scagliare
to fly	flew	flown	volare
to forbid	forbad (e)	forbidden	proibire
to forecast	forecast	forecast	prevedere
to forget	forgot	forgotten	dimenticare
to forgive	forgave	forgiven	perdonare
to freeze	froze	frozen	gelare
to get	got	got	ottenere, diventare
to give	gave	given	dare
to go	went	gone	andare
to grind	ground	ground	macinare, tritare
to grow	grew	grown	crescere, coltivare
to hang	hung	hung	appendere
to have	had	had	avere
to hear	heard	heard	udire
to hide	hid	hidden	nascondere
to hit	hit	hit	colpire
to hold	held	held	tenere, trattenere
to hurt	hurt	hurt	ferire
to keep	kept	kept	tenere, conservare
to kneel	knelt	knelt	inginocchiarsi
to knit	knit	knit	lavorare a maglia
to know	knew	known	conoscere, sapere
to lay	laid	laid	deporre, posare
to lead	led	led	condurre, guidare
to lean	leant	leant	appoggiare, appoggiarsi
to leap	leapt	leapt	saltare
to learn	learnt	learnt	imparare
to leave	left	left	partire, lasciare
lo lend	lent	lent	prestare
to let	let	let	lasciare, permettere
to lie	lay	lain	giacere, trovarsi
to light	lit	lit	accendere, illuminare
to lose	lost	lost	perdere
to make	made	made	fare
to mean	meant	meant	significare, intendere
to meet	met	met	incontrare
to mistake	mistook	mistaken	fraintendere, sbagliare
to mow	mowed	mown	falciare
to pay	paid	paid	pagare
to put	put	put	mettere
to read	read	read	leggere
to ride	rode	ridden	cavalcare
to ring	rang	rung	suonare, squillare
to rise	rose	risen	sorgere, alzarsi
to run	ran	run	correre
to say	said	said	dire
to see	saw	seen	vedere
to seek	sought	sought	cercare
to sell	sold	sold	vendere
to send	sent	sent	mandare, spedire
to set	set	set	porre, tramontare
to sew	sewed	sewn	cucire
to shake	shook	shaken	scuotere, tremare
to shed	shed	shed	versare, spargere
to shine	shone	shone	splendere, brillare
to shoot	shot	shot	sparare, germogliare
to show	showed	shown	mostrare
to shrink	shrank	shrunk	restringersi
to shut	shut	shut	chiudere
to sing	sang	sung	cantare
to sink	sank	sung	affondare, sprofondare
to sit	sat	sat	sedersi
to sleep	slept	slept	dormire
to slide	slid	slid	scivolare, scorrere
to smell	smelt	smelt	odorare, aver odore
to sow	sowed	sown	seminare
to speak	spoke	spoken	parlare
to speed	sped	sped	affrettare
to spell	spelt	spelt	compitare
to spend	spent	spent	spendere, trascorrere
to spill	spilt	spilt	versare, spandere
to spilt	spilt	spilt	spaccare, spaccarsi, dividere
to spoil	spoilt	spoilt	rovinare, sciupare, viziare
to spread	spread	spread	diffondere, diffondersi, stendere
to spring	sprang	sprung	saltare, scaturire
to stand	stood	stood	star zitto, stare in piedi
to steal	stole	stolen	rubare
to stick	stuck	stuck	attaccare, attaccarsi
to sting	stung	stung	pungere (di insetti)
to stink	stank	stunk	puzzare
to stride	strode	stridden	camminare a lunghi passi
to strike	stuck	struck/ stricken	colpire, battere
to strive	strove	striven	lottare, sforzarsi
to swear	swore	sworn	giurare, bestemmiare
to sweep	swept	swept	spazzare
to swell	swelled	swollen	gonfiare
to swim	swam	swum	nuotare
to swing	swung	swung	oscillare, dondolare
to take	took	taken	prendere, portare, accompagnare
to teach	taught	taught	insegnare
to tear	tore	torn	strappare, lacerare
to tell	told	told	dire, raccontare
to think	thought	thought	pensare
to throw	threw	thrown	gettare, buttare
to tread	trod	trodden	calpestare, pestare
to understand	understood	understood	capire, comprendere
to wake	woke	woken	svegliare, svegliarsi
to wear	wore	worn	indossare, portare, logorare, logorarsi
to weave	wove	woven	tessere
to weep	wept	wept	piangere
to win	won	won	vincere
to wind	wound	wounf	avvolgere, serpeggiare
to wring	wrung	wrung	torcere
to write	wrote	written	scrivere